Rail Transport in India
Means of transport and communication (such as rail transport, air transport, water transport, newspapers, radio, television, cinema, internet etc.) contribute to India’s progress by connecting it to the world.
Transportation
The supply of goods and services requires means of transportation, so the speed of development of a country depends on the production of goods and services as well as transportation facilities. The movement of goods and services takes place through three important areas of the Earth, namely land, water and air. Traffic is classified based on this.
Transport in India
Road construction costs are much lower compared to railway lines.
Roads can be built in rough and uneven areas.
Roads can also be built on the slopes of economic slopes and in mountainous areas; E.g. Himalayas.
Roads are cost-effective for transporting fewer people, shorter distances, and fewer goods.
It provides door to door service and the cost of loading and unloading is relatively low.
Road transport also functions as a connecting link when using other modes of transport. Therefore; Roads connect railway stations, air and sea ports.
Classification of roads according to capacity
Roads in India are divided into six categories based on their capacity.
(1) Maharaja Marg Golden Quadrilateral: This is an important road development project initiated by the Government of India. This Delhi-Calcutta
, is a 6 lane Maharaj Margo project connecting Chennai – Mumbai and Delhi. Two corridors are proposed in this project
The North-South Corridor connects Srinagar with Kanyakumari.
The main objective of this Maharaj Marg is to reduce the travel distance and time between major cities of India. This highway project falls under the jurisdiction of the National Highways Authority of India.
(2) National Highways: National highways connect remote parts of the country. It is the main road network in the country. The Central Department of Public Works is responsible for its construction and maintenance. India has several national highways that connect the north-south and east-west parts of the country.
National Highway – 1 Historic Highway, known as Shershah Suri Marg. This highway connects Delhi and Amritsar.
(3) State Highways: Roads connecting state capitals with district headquarters are called state highways. The Ministry of Public Works under the State Government is responsible for the construction and maintenance of these roads in the states and union territories.
(4) Other Roads: This includes roads that connect villages with towns. These are constructed under ‘Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana’. There is a special provision under this project which proposes to connect every village in the country with major cities through these paved roads. On which the vehicle can be driven all year round.
(5) Border roads or border roads: Roads in the border areas of the country are built and managed by the Border Roads Organization. This organization was founded in 1960.
The goal of this organization is to develop strategically important roads in the North and Northeast regions. Thanks to the development of these roads, accessibility in remote areas increases and thus the economic development of these areas. It helped me too.
Classification of roads based on their use in road construction
On this basis, roads are of two types.
(1) Paved roads: These roads are made of cement concrete or coal tar. So these roads are suitable for all seasons hence Bara Masi.
(2) Dirt roads: These roads are made of mud and broken stones and these roads are used during the dry season. These roads become useless during monsoons.
Rail Transport
Railway transport in India is the main mode of transportation of goods and passengers. It is excellent for lifting heavy loads and long distances. The length of the transport route of the Indian Railways is 68,442 km. Rail transport offers people a variety of activities. For example: business trips, pilgrimage and long-distance transportation of goods, etc.
Indian Railways is divided into 16 zones. Its three gauges are large gauge, meter gauge and small gauge.
Indian Railways is the largest public sector authority in the country. The first train in the country ran between Mumbai and Thane in 1853. It covered a distance of 34 km.
